Ukutshiswa kwenkunkuma, emehlweni abantu abaninzi, kubonakala kuvelisa ungcoliseko lwesibini, kwaye i-dioxin eveliswa kuyo iyodwa yenza abantu bathethe ngayo.Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe aphucukileyo okulahlwa kwenkunkuma anje ngeJamani neJapan, ukutshiswa kwenkunkuma yeyona nto iphambili, nkqu nelona khonkco liphambili, lokulahlwa kwenkunkuma.Kula mazwe, iindawo zokutshisa inkunkuma eshinyeneyo azikhange zikhatywe ngabantu.Kutheni kunje?
Sebenza nzima kunyango olungenabungozi
Le ntatheli isandul' ukutyelela iZiko lokuNyangwa kweNkunkuma iTaisho phantsi kweBureau yeNdalo yesiXeko saseOsaka eJapan.Apha akuncitshi kakhulu kuphela inani leNkunkuma ngokutshisa izinto ezinokutsha, kodwa nokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu benkunkuma ukuvelisa umbane kunye nokubonelela ngamandla obushushu, anokuthiwa asebenze iinjongo ezininzi.
Izinto ezifunekayo zokutshiswa kwenkunkuma ukuze kudlale iindima ezininzi ngexesha elinye kufuneka ibe lukhuseleko kunye nongcoliseko oluphantsi.Intatheli yabona kwindawo yomzi-mveliso we-Dazheng Waste Treatment Plant ukuba i-Waste shaft enkulu imalunga ne-40 yeemitha ubunzulu kwaye inomthamo we-8,000 cubic metres, enokuthi ibambe malunga neetoni ezingama-2,400 zeNkunkuma.Abasebenzi balawula bekude icrane emva kodonga lomkhusane weglasi phezulu, kwaye banokubamba iitoni ezi-3 zenkunkuma ngexesha kwaye bayithumele kwindawo yokutshisa.
Nangona kukho iNkunkuma eninzi, akukho vumba elizothekileyo kwindawo yefektri.Oku kungenxa yokuba ivumba eliveliswa yiNkunkuma litsalwa yifan yokukhupha igesi, ifudunyezwe ukuya kutsho kuma-150 ukuya kuma-200 degrees celcius ngesifudumezi somoya, emva koko ithunyelwe kwindawo yokutshisa.Ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kwisithando somlilo, izinto ezivumbayo zibolile zonke.
Ukuze kuthintelwe ukuveliswa kwe-carcinogen dioxins ngexesha lokutshiswa, isitshisi sisebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu obuphakathi kwama-850 ukuya kuma-950 degrees Celsius ukutshisa ngokupheleleyo iNkunkuma.Ngesikrini sokubeka iliso, abasebenzi banokujonga imeko ngaphakathi kwendawo yokutshisa ngexesha langempela.
Uthuli oluveliswa ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshisa inkunkuma lufunnwa ngumqokeleli wothuli lombane, kwaye igesi yokukhupha iphinda icutshungulwe ngokuhlamba izixhobo, izixhobo zokuqokelela uthuli lwefiltha, njl., kwaye ikhutshwe kwi-chimney emva kokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko.
Uthuthu lokugqibela olwenziwe emva kokutshiswa kwenkunkuma enokutsha lumalunga nesinye-mashumi amabini kuphela kumthamo wokuqala, kwaye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ezingenako ukuphetshwa ngokupheleleyo ziphathwa ngokungenabungozi ngamachiza.Ekugqibeleni uthuthu lwasiwa eOsaka Bay ukuya kugalelwa inkunkuma.
Kakade ke, amaziko okucoca inkunkuma agxile ekutshiseni nawo aneshishini elongezelelweyo, elikukukhupha izixhobo eziluncedo kwinkunkuma enkulu engatshiyo efana neekhabhathi zentsimbi, oomatrasi, kunye neebhayisekile.Kukwakho nezixhobo zokutyumza ezinkulu ezahlukahlukeneyo kumzi-mveliso.Emva kokuba izinto ezikhankanywe ngasentla zityunyuzwe ngokucokisekileyo, inxalenye yensimbi ikhethwa ngumhluli wamagnetic kwaye ithengiswe njengomthombo;ngelixa iphepha kunye namalaphu adityaniswe kwisinyithi asuswa ngokujongwa ngumoya, kwaye Ezinye iindawo ezitshayo zithunyelwa kwindawo yokutshisa kunye.
Ubushushu obuveliswa kukutshiswa kwenkunkuma busetyenziselwa ukwenza umphunga, othi ke uphoswe kwiiinjini zomoya zokuvelisa umbane.Ubushushu bunokubonelela ngamanzi ashushu kunye nokufudumeza kwimizi-mveliso ngaxeshanye.Ngo-2011, malunga neetoni ze-133,400 zeNkunkuma zatshiswa apha, ukuveliswa kwamandla kwafikelela kwi-19.1 yezigidi ze-kwh, intengiso yombane yayiyi-2.86 yezigidi ze-kwh, kwaye ingeniso ifikelele kwi-yen ye-23.4 yezigidi.
Ngokweengxelo, e-Osaka yedwa, kusekho izityalo ze-7 zokulahla inkunkuma njengeTaisho.Kulo lonke elaseJapan, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemizi-mveliso emininzi kamasipala yokutshisa inkunkuma kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela iingxaki ezifana “neNkunkuma yokungqingwa” kunye “nongcoliseko lwenkunkuma yemithombo yamanzi”.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-15-2023